There are various important factors that must be kept in mind in the interior design of any space. By adhering by the basic tenets given below, most of the major matters will be taken care of. Though these can be applied in a variety of ways in different situations, you must know the impact that each has on the overall result.
Unity: This concerns the idea that the entire house or any other building is to be seen as a single unit, partitioned or divided only by walls and staircases, and that there should exist a certain amount of intrinsic consistency in the design of the unit as an overall entity. It will be wise to remember the overall scheme of things.
Balance: This involves the spread of the visual weight in an area. Objects which have similar visual appeal must be put at different locations in the room to achieve a balance along a predetermined axis. Balance is classified into three broad kinds. The first is symmetrical, which is the most traditional, and the easiest to achieve. The second kind is asymmetrical balance, which is highly popular, but requires a good deal of imagination. The third is radial, which is achieved by taking a central point or object from which the other items seem to radiate.
Proportion: This takes into account sizes of different articles in relation to one another. It is critical that items in a room look good together in terms of their sizes. Lack of proportion will result in imbalance that will adversely affect the look of the room, as some objects will be over focussed while others will not receive adequate visibility.
Focus: Having a focus in a space is evidence of excellent interior design. The focal article may be a furniture item or even a decorative piece such as a painting or a statue. It is crucial that this item be in line with the design of the whole space and that it has an impression on the observer. While it must be exclusive, it should blend with its surroundings.
Rhythm: Having a rhythm too is very essential for attaining a good design. The design should appear to flow according to a pattern from one point to the next. Using a lot of arcs, ornate walls or ceilings, decorative fixtures at carefully chosen distances, alternate colours etc can help accomplish a discernible rhythm.
Interior designing of a space will be consistent if these basic guidelines are taken into consideration. However, it is best to use the expertise of an interior design professional who can help you with these aspects and a lot more.
Source: http://officerefurbishmentlondon.wordpress.com/2010/01/22/fundamentals-of-interior-design/

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